{"id":2058,"date":"2024-12-20T20:00:04","date_gmt":"2024-12-20T20:00:04","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/furkanege.com.tr\/blog\/?p=2058"},"modified":"2024-12-20T22:32:19","modified_gmt":"2024-12-20T22:32:19","slug":"arduino-otomatik-bitki-sulama-sistemi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/furkanege.com.tr\/blog\/arduino-otomatik-bitki-sulama-sistemi\/","title":{"rendered":"Arduino Otomatik Bitki Sulama Sistemi Projesi – Arduino Ders 1"},"content":{"rendered":"\n\n
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\n 5\/5 - (3 votes) <\/div>\n <\/div>\n\n

Giri\u015f<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcz\u00fcn ak\u0131ll\u0131 teknolojileri, tar\u0131m ve bah\u00e7ecilik alanlar\u0131nda \u00f6nemli d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcmler yaratmaktad\u0131r. Bu geli\u015fmelerin bir \u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fc olan otomatik bitki sulama sistemleri, bitki sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 korumay\u0131 ve bak\u0131m s\u00fcre\u00e7lerini kolayla\u015ft\u0131rmay\u0131 hedefleyen yenilik\u00e7i \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcmler olarak \u00f6ne \u00e7\u0131kmaktad\u0131r. Sens\u00f6r tabanl\u0131 sulama mekanizmalar\u0131, topra\u011f\u0131n nem d\u00fczeyini s\u00fcrekli izleyerek sadece ihtiya\u00e7 duyuldu\u011funda su verme olana\u011f\u0131 sunar. Bu sayede su israf\u0131 minimuma inerken ayn\u0131 zamanda bitkilerin ideal b\u00fcy\u00fcme ko\u015fullar\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flamak da kolayla\u015f\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bu makalede, Resim 1<\/strong>‘de taraf\u0131mca tasarlanan bir prototipi g\u00f6r\u00fclen Arduino merkezli bir otomatik bitki sulama sisteminin tasar\u0131m\u0131, malzemeleri, \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma prensibi, kod yap\u0131s\u0131 ile avantajlar\u0131 ve s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131l\u0131klar\u0131 bilimsel bir bak\u0131\u015f a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131yla ele al\u0131nmaktad\u0131r. B\u00f6ylelikle hem hobi d\u00fczeyinde uygulay\u0131c\u0131lar hem de profesyonel ba\u011flamda kullan\u0131c\u0131lar i\u00e7in faydal\u0131 bir kaynak olu\u015fturmak ama\u00e7lanmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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Resim 1.<\/strong> Arduino Otomatik Bitki Sulama Sistemi Projesi<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Projenin Amac\u0131 ve \u00d6nemi<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Bu projenin temel amac\u0131, bitkilerin su ihtiyac\u0131n\u0131 otomatik olarak kar\u015f\u0131layarak, insan m\u00fcdahalesine olan gereksinimi en aza indirmektir. Geleneksel sulama y\u00f6ntemlerinin aksine bu sistem, toprak nem seviyesini toprak nem sens\u00f6r\u00fc gibi Sens\u00f6rler arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla s\u00fcrekli izleyerek su israf\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6nler. \u00d6zellikle seyahatlerde veya g\u00fcnl\u00fck ya\u015fam\u0131n yo\u011fun oldu\u011fu d\u00f6nemlerde bitkilerin susuz kalmamas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flar. Bu durum hem bitki sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 korumakta hem de \u00e7evresel s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclebilirli\u011fe katk\u0131 sunmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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  • Verimlilik Art\u0131\u015f\u0131:<\/strong> Su kayna\u011f\u0131n\u0131n optimal kullan\u0131m\u0131 sa\u011flanarak bitkilerin su stresi ya\u015famas\u0131 \u00f6nlenir.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  • S\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclebilirlik:<\/strong> Su tasarrufu yap\u0131larak tar\u0131msal faaliyetlerin \u00e7evresel s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclebilirli\u011fi desteklenir.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  • Kolayl\u0131k:<\/strong> Sulama i\u015flemi seyahat, yo\u011fun i\u015f temposu veya unutkanl\u0131k gibi insan fakt\u00f6rlerinden ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z olarak i\u015fler.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n

    Kullan\u0131lan Malzemeler<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

    Bu \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmada kullan\u0131lan temel elektronik bile\u015fenler ve ara\u00e7lar \u015fu \u015fekilde \u00f6zetlenebilir:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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    Resim 2.<\/strong> Arduino UNO.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n
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    1. Arduino Uno:<\/strong> Sistemin merkezi i\u015flem birimidir. Yukar\u0131da Resim 2<\/strong>‘de g\u00f6sterilen ve Analog ve Dijital I\/O pinleri bulunan Arduino, programlanmas\u0131 kolay bir mikrodenetleyicidir (Arduino, 2015: 372). Toprak nem sens\u00f6r\u00fcnden gelen analog sinyalleri i\u015fler ve pompay\u0131 kontrol eder.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
    2. Toprak Nem Sens\u00f6r\u00fc:<\/strong> Topra\u011f\u0131n nem oran\u0131n\u0131 s\u00fcrekli izleyerek Arduino\u2019ya analog bir de\u011fer g\u00f6nderir. Topra\u011f\u0131n nem seviyesi belirli bir e\u015fik de\u011ferin alt\u0131na d\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnde sistemin su verme d\u00f6ng\u00fcs\u00fc tetiklenir. Ayarl\u0131 potansiyometresinin kullan\u0131lmas\u0131 \u00f6nerilir.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
    3. Su Pompas\u0131:<\/strong> Su haznesindeki suyu, kontrol mekanizmas\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan izin verildi\u011finde bitki k\u00f6k b\u00f6lgesine aktar\u0131r.5V ile 12V aras\u0131 t\u00fcm su pompalar\u0131 bu projede kullan\u0131labilir.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
    4. L298N Motor S\u00fcr\u00fcc\u00fc Kart\u0131:<\/strong> Her ne kadar bu projemizde 5V bir su pompas\u0131 kullanacak olsak da; 12V bir, hatta iki adet pompa kullanaca\u011f\u0131m\u0131z durumlarda 5V ya da 12V bir r\u00f6lenin yetersiz kalma durumundan \u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fc, 12V giri\u015f ve \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f destekleyen L298N tercih edilmi\u015ftir. Y\u00fcksek ak\u0131m gerektiren pompay\u0131 do\u011frudan Arduino\u2019dan kontrol etmek g\u00fc\u00e7t\u00fcr. Bu nedenle L298N motor s\u00fcr\u00fcc\u00fc mod\u00fcl\u00fc devreye girer. Arduino\u2019nun d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck voltajl\u0131 dijital sinyallerini kullanarak pompay\u0131 g\u00fcvenle \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131r.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
    5. I2C Tabanl\u0131 LCD Ekran (16×2):<\/strong> Toprak nem seviyesi ve pompan\u0131n \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma durumu hakk\u0131nda anl\u0131k bilgileri kullan\u0131c\u0131ya iletir (HandsOn Tech., 2018). I2C mod\u00fcll\u00fc bir LCD ekran\u0131n bu mod\u00fcl\u00fcn bulunmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 LCD ekrana g\u00f6re en ba\u015fta daha az pin kullan\u0131m\u0131 ve karma\u015f\u0131kl\u0131k gelmektedir.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
    6. Di\u011fer Bile\u015fenler:<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n